Fluid-translating device



H. F. SCHMIDT.

FLUID TRANSLATING DEVICE. APPUCATION FILED SEPT. 14-, L914.

1 4 m mmm July fi mm" 2 SHEETS-SHEET I H/ S ATTORNE N FACT H. F; SCHMIDT.

FLUID TRANSLATIIIG DEVICE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I4, I914.

Patented July fi W2 2 SHEETS-SHEfiT Z.

HIS ATTORNEY 1N mm" UNITED STATES PATENT orr c s. f

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Specification of Letters J Patent.

Patented July 6, ieao.

Application filed September 14, 1914. Serial No. 361,638. r

To all whom, it may concern:

lle it known that I, HENRY F. Sonatina, a citizen of the Unlted States, and a resident of Pittsburgh, in the countyot Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania have made a new and useful Invention in Fluid-Translating Devices, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to fluid translating devices and particularlyto devices for maintaining a high vacuum in condensers or.

- K to it in transi'errlng fluid from a reglon of lower to a region ofhigher pressure, which automatically adjusts itself to variations in the quantity of fluid conveyed, thus preventing fluctuations of pressure in either the region of lower or higher pressure.

further object is to produce a fluid. translating device of the kinetic type in which a more stable and etlicient means is employed in converting the kinetic into potential energy than has been heretofore employed in apparatus utilizing the kinetic energy of thefluid jet as the impelling or compressing agent.

r A further object is to produce a fluid translating device in which positively operating means are employed for entraining the medium to be ejected and for combining it with the impelling medium.

A further object is to produce a fluid translating device, employing means for antomatically varying the quantity of flow of the impelling medium to correspond to variations in the amount of medi to be compressed or ejected. I

A. further object is to produce a fluid translating device, employing the kinetic energy of the jet of impelling fluid in ejecting. or compressing the fluid from a region of lowerjto a region of higher pressure, in which means are employedfor storing a portion of the energy of the jet,so that the stored energy isavailable for overcoming momentary increases in resistance which may be encountered in performing the work of translation or compression. i

A further and more specific object is to produce a fluid translating device, in which means are employed for performing the work of fluid translation orcompression by the combination of the entraining action of the jet oi? impelling fluid and centrifugal compression in a rotary member which ireceives energy from the jet of impelling and impelled fluid and restores the energy to the fluid in accomplishing the'centritugal compression.

These and other objects I attain in a device embodying the features herein described and illustrated in the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this application.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic vertical sectional view of a device embodying my invention Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic transverse sectional view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1 of a modified form of my invention; and

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectionalview of the apparatus illustrated inFig. 3;

Fig. 5 1s a modlfication which may be employed in connection with my invention.

Fig. 6 is a further modification The apparatus illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 as an embodiment of the present invention includes a stationary casing 5, provided with an inlet port 6, adapted to communicate with a receptacleto be ejected, or with a region of lower pressure. The casingis also provided with an outlet port 7, which is adapted to communicate with the region of higher pressure and which communicates with a pressure or collecting chamber 8, formed within the casing 5.

The port 6 communicates with a chamber 9 located centrally within the casing 5 and in which a single annular nozzle 10 or series of nozzles 10" are located (see Figs. 5 and i 6). The nozzle 10 or' nozzles 10 receive motive fluid through a passage 11,which projects into the chamber 9, and is adapted to communicate with any source of fluid under-pressure. The nozzle or nozzles are preferably so arranged as to discharge an annular or disk shaped jet of fluid in a substantially radial direction and into an an nular series of impeller vanes 12, which are mounted on a rotatable impeller 13, andare V The vanes 12 are located in the casing between the nozzle 10 or nozzles 10" and the collecting chamber 8.

The nozzle 10 or nozzles 10 are preferably expanding nozzles so proportioned as to ex pand the motive fluid delivered to them to the pressure normally existing in the chamber 9, and they may be arranged so as to de liver the fluid radially, as before stated, (see Fig. 5) or in a substantially tangential direction as shown in Fig. 6. The fluid issuing from the nozzle or nozzles after passing through a portionof the chamber 9, enters the impeller vanes 12 and imparts a rotary motion'to the vanesin the direction indicated by thearrow in Fig. 1. The fluid in "passing through the chamber 9 and in entering' the impeller vanes entrains fluid or medium, to be ejected, existing in the cham- .ber 9 and consequently imparts velocity to it so that it enters the vanes 12 with the impelling medium.

Rotary motion is imparted to the com bined fluid or media by the vanes 12 and the media are also subjected to the resultant centrifugal compression. The rotary designed that the fluid issuing from the outlet end of the impellers, or into the collecting chamber 8, has but little absolute velo'city,. although the reactive force of the 'fluid'so lssuing is usefully employed-1n causing the rotation of the impeller.

, lithflthis arrangement it will be apparent that the work of overcoming the external pressure, that is, the pressure in the collecting chamber 8, is the combined work of the centrifugal compression and the V velocity conversion in the rotating passages and that 'therefore the velocity of'exit of the fluid from these passages will be proportional to the amount of workdone. For this reason the speed of the impeller. will vary slightly in response to variations in amount of combined media traversing-the rotating passages, but is unnecessary to provide speed responsive means for controlling the delivery of motive or impelling. fluid, since the: speed of, the impeller will always be proportionalto the amount of fluid traversing it. .It will also be apparent that the rotaryimpeller will act as a fly wheel, due

to its mass and therefore its inertia. It is a means for storing energy which is instantly available for overcoming momentary increases in resistance. Obviously it will prevent any tendency to upset as the centrifugal action of the impeller vanes will prevent a back flow of fluids.

lVhile the speed of the impeller 13 is automatically controlled as above set forth, it may be desirable to employ a speed rcsponsive governor 13" driven by the mounting shaft 13" of the impeller for controlling the delivery oi motive fluid to the nozzle by means of connecting links 13 and a valve 11, so that the amount of. motive fluid delivered is increased as the speed of the impeller slows down in response to a slight increase of pressure in the chamber 3), and is decreased as the propeller speeds up in response to a decrease in pressure within the chamber 9.

In Figs. 3 and t I have illustrated a modification of the invention in which automatic means are employedv for varying the quantity of impelling or motive fluid delivcrml from the nozzle 10 in response to variations in the amount of fluid to be ejected 1" mm the chamber 9', or in response to variations in pressure existing in the chamber 9.

This is accomplished, in the illustrated embodiment, by providing an impeller 15 on which the impeller vanes are mounted and which also forms one wall of the dis harge nozzle 10. The mounting shaft 16 of the impeller is so supported in its bearings that it capable of moving longitudinally, so that the impeller can move toward or away from a stationary wall 10 of the nozzle '10 in response to variations in fluid pressure in the chamber 9 and in a counter balancing chamber 17, which is located between the missing 5' and the impeller. This counter balancing chamber communicates with the collecting chamber 8' in any suitable manner, as for example, by means of a leakage passage 18, and consequently is subjected to substantially the pressure existing in the collecting chamber. ith this arrangement, the quantity of motive fluid delivered by the nozzle 10 will be automatically varied in response to variations in pressure within the chamber 9, and consequently the device will operate to maintain a substantially constant pressure within the chamber 97 for varyingamounts of fluid or medium admitted t! the chamber through the port 6.

In my copending application, Serial No. 861,630, filed September 14, 1914, and entitled Fluid translating devices, I have illustrated, described and claimed an ejector in which means are provided for varying the effective area of a nozzle of the ejector in accordance with variations in the amount of'fluid to be ejected, and in which means ill areprovided "for varying the expansion ratio of? the nozzle. The ejector described j is controllediby a piston subjected on one o'liuser. sure acting onthepiston cause the needle valve to move intowor out of the nozzle,

side to the pressureofthe fluid entering the ejector, and on tllie otherside to the pressure oi the fluidspassing through the (lit vitl'ltttlfillfl in the dlflerentlal presthereby changing the ei'lective area and expansionratio ofthe nozzle.

It Will be understood that the devices illustrated as embodimen of my invention may be employed when compressible or noncompressible fluids :are employed as the motive fluid, or. Wllfil'ltt compressible or noncompressible fl uidis to be translatedtrom a region oi": lower to a region of higher compression; and that consequently the" term fluid is employedthroughoutthe entire appiicationin its broadest sense, except Where the context of the structure included in the claims limits the: meaning ofthe term.

It will also be apparentthat whileI have illustratedbut twocmodiflcations of my invention, the apparatus is merely illustrative, and that various changes, modifications, substitutions and omissions may be madeivithout departing from thespirit and scope of the invention. i i I What I claim is: i

1. In combinationin an apparatus of the character described, a chamber having an inlet port for medium to be compressed, means for discharging an annular jet of impelling fluid through said chamber, and means actuated by the jet, for entraining medium located Within the chamber.

2. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a chamber having an inlet port through Which medium to be compressed is delivered, a fluid discharge nozzle for delivering an annular entraining jet of fluid Within the chamber, and a rotatable impeller driven by the jetof fluid for entraining and compressing medium from the chamber. i j

3. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a chamber from Which fluid is to be exhausted,an expanding nozzle located Within the chamber for discharging an accelerating and entralning et of 1ma polling motivefluid, and a rotatable impeller driven by the jet of fluid for entraining and Withdrawing a substantially homogeneous mixture of fluid from the chamber and for acting upon the fluid of the jet and the entrained fluid Withdrawn from the chamber. a

4. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a chamber from which a j etioi iinpelling fluid, and a rotatable impeller driven by the jet "for Withdrawing a substantially uniform mixture of impelling fluidand entrained fluid from the chamber and for occasioning a centrifugal compressionof .the uniform mixture of impelling and impelled fluid. i

r 5. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a chamber from which fluid to be exhausted, an expansion nozzle "located Within the chamber for delivering an annular, disk-shaped jet of impelling fluidthrough said chamber and to an impeller, and an impeller communicating With the chambertor receiving and compressing the impelling and the entrained fluid received by it. i

6. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a chamber from which fluid 1s ,tobe exhausted, a nozzle located Within the chamber for delivering impelling fluidthereto, animpeller driven by the fluid issuing fromthe nozzle for entraining and Withdrawing fluid from the chamber, and

means,responsive to variations in pressure Within the chamber, for tproportioning the delivery of fluid through the nozzle.

7. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a chamber from which 'fluidis to be exhausted, a nozzle located issuing from the nozzle for entraining and Withdrawing fluid from the chamber, and means for proportioning the delivery of fluid through the nozzle in response to variations in thespeed of the impeller.

9. In combination in an ejector, a chan1- her from which fluid is to be exhausted, a plurality of radialexpansion nozzles for delivering jets of entraining and impelling steam across the outer'portion of the chamher, and an impeller for receiving the mixture of steam and fluid, said impeller being provided with vanes forming energy conversion passages and upon Which the jets act to rotate the impeller and to increase the compression of the mixture of steam and fluid by centrifugal force.

10. In combination infa steam actuated ejector, an inlet chamber, a nozzle for expanding steam to substantially the pressure existing in the inlet chamber and for delivering it at high velocity across the chamher, and an. impeller actuated by the jet for receiving and further compressing the fluids entrained by the jet, said impeller having vanes thereinand being of: suflicient mass to act as a flywheel and to prevent upsetting character described,- a casing having a chamber formed therein for receiving fluid to be expelled, an expansion nozzle for discharging an annulandisk-shaped jet of impelling fluid through thechamber, a rotatable diffuser located within the casing receiving said jet ofimpelling fluid 'and'the fluid impelled thereby, and a collecting passage located within the casing and receiving the fluid discharged from the impeller.

12; In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a casing having an inlet port for fluid tobe expelled and an outlet port, a mixing chamberlocated within said casing and communicating with the inlet port, a collecting chamber located within the casing and communicating With the outlet port, a rotatable diffuser betweencsaid chamber, and {means located within the mixing chamber for expanding'motive' fluidto substantially the pressure existing Within-the mixing chamber and for discharging'the fluid so expandedin the form'of an annular disk-shaped j et'through the :mixing chamber and into the rotatable diffuser.

13. In combinatlon 1n an apparatus of the character described, a stationary casing having an inlet port for fluid to be compressed and an outlet port, a mixing cham )er located within the casing and communicating :form of a whirling disk shaped jet into and through said diffuser.

14. In combination in an apparatus of the character described, a casing having an inlet and an outlet port, a mixing chamber located within the casing and communicating with said inlet port, a collecting chamber located within the casing and communicating with the outlet port, a rotatable impeller located between said chambers, and stationary means located within the mixing chamber for expanding motive fluid to substantially the pressure normally existing in-said chamber and for discharging the fluid so expanded in the form of a whirling disk-shaped jet into and through said impeller.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 21st day of August, 1914.

HENRY F. SCHMIDT. Witnesses C. V. MOGHEE, E. W. MCCALLISTER.

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